Lesbian History
||60AD-1260AD||1600 || 1700 ||1800 || 1900 ||1920 || 1930 ||
|| 1940 || 1950 || 1960 || 1970 || 1980 || 1990 || 1997 || 1998
Bibliography || Related Links
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| 580's BC: |
Sappho's
famed girls' school flourishes on the Isle of Lesbos
Sappho of Mytilene (b 612 B.C. - date of death unknown), daughter of Scamandronymus and
Cleia, belongs among the greatest poets of the ancient world. She was called
"the Tenth Muse" and was hailed as an unsurpassed master of melic poetry (from
the word 'melos', the same root as in 'melody').
Sappho's work was originally collected in nine books of which only two relatively full
poems and a considerable number of fragments survived. They suffice, however, to
appreciate the poet's formal excellence (she invented the so-called Sapphic stanza, used,
among others, by Catullus and Horace) as well as the depth and complexity of her inner
life.
On the island of Lesbos Sappho presided over a circle (thiasos) of young girls whom she
taught poetry, arts, music, and good manners (a sui generis predecessor of Plato's
Academy) and with whom she entered emotionally powerful relationships as it comes clear
from her writings. Much of her biography, as preserved in our sources, seems
largely fictional, including her rejection of marriage to another great poet Alcaeus and
her alleged suicide (by plunging into sea) from an unrequitted love for a beautiful young
man Phaon. |
| 60 AD: |
Boudicca
(or, Boadiciea,) Chieftess of the Iceni of the East Anglia, leads Celtic rebellion against
Roman invaders, destroying cities of Colchester, St. Albans and capturing
London. She was finally defeated after the Romans brought in reinforcements,
and rather than be humiliated by them, she poisoned herself. Many feel her name
(pronounced BOO-DEE-KA) is the origin of "bulldyke." |
| 380: |
Gregory
of Nazianzus orders first burning of Sappho's poetry. |
| 900's: |
Judith,
Queen of Falasha, captures capital of Ethiopia. She rules for 40 years until
her death in 977. |
| 1073: |
Ecclesiastical
authorities of Constantinople and Rome order all remaining copies of Sappho's poetry
destroyed |
| 1260: |
The
Orleans Legal School orders women found guilty of lesbian acts have their clitoris removed
for their first offense. Second offenders further mutilated and third offenders
burned at the stake |
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| 1600's: |
Nzingh(a),
southwestern African Queen of Matamba negotiates a treaty with Portugese to thwart
colonial threats during her brother's reign. Rising to the throne, she negates
the treaty, allies with Dutch and fights invading Portugal. Although
eventually defeated, she retreats to the jungles and continues an 18 year guerilla
war. Not until her death does Angola fall to colonial rule |
| 1649: |
Mary
Hammon and Goodwife Norman charged with "lude behavior upon a bed" in Plymouth,
Massachusetts. Charges against 16 yr old Hammon are dropped and Norman is
forced to make a public confession. Norman is believed to be the first woman
in America convicted of lesbianism |
| 1655: |
New
Haven expands its definition of sodomy, a capital offense, to include sexual relations
between women |
| 1682: |
Venus
in the Clositer, a novel about lesbian nuns causes a scandal in France |
| 1654: |
Christina,
Swedish Queen, abdicates instead of marrying. Raised as a boy, Christina loved
Ebba Saprre, who left her after the abdication of the throne. Christina was
also in love with Opera diva Angelica Georgini |
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| 1782: |
Deborah
Sampson, decendent of Governor William Bradford, excommunicated from First Baptist Church,
Middleborough, Massachussetts for dressing in men's clothes and very loose and
unchristian-like behavior |
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| early
1800's: |
Lesbian
James Miranda Berry earns England's first medical degree given to a woman (while still in
her teens.) She lives as a man the duration of her life |
| 1810: |
Schoolgirl's
mother accuses Marianne Woods and Jane Pirie, mistresses of a boarding school for girls,
of "improper and criminal conduct." Lillian Hellman uses this as the plot for
her "The Children's Hour" 120 years later |
| 1810: |
France
decriminalizes homosexual acts between consenting adults |
| 1811: |
Gabriel
Frechere reports of a Ketenai Female Berdache, Qunqon, who assumed the dress of a man,
took three wives and was a courier, guide, prophet, warrior and peace mediator |
| 1820: |
Florence
Nightingale is born. Called Lady of the Lamp, Nightingale, served in Turkey
during the Crimean war, and upon returning to her native England, reformed military
hospital conditions and founded the trained nursing prfession.
Unfortunately, even though Nightingale wrote: I have lived and slept in the same bed with
English countesses and Prussian farm women ... no woman has excited passions among women
more than I have, she lived by Victorian mores. So, even if she were Lesbian,
more than likely she was extremely homophobic and closeted. |
| 1836: |
Last
British execution for homosexuality, although the law remained on the books until 1861 |
| 1848: |
Elizabeth
Cady Stanton organizes the first Women's Rights Convention and publishes a
"Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions," the forerunner of the modern
feminist movement |
| 1883: |
Article
about cross-dressing Lucy Ann Lobdell in Alienist and Neurologist medical journal is first
time Lesbian is used to denote woman- loving-woman as opposed to inhabitant of Isle of
Lesbos |
| 1885: |
The
Labouchere Amendment, criminalising all same-sex activity, was introduced in
1885. Althought widely believed, Queen Victoria' refusal to believe lesbianism
existed resulting in lesbianism's omission from the Act is probably false. It
is believed those presenting the amendment removed it (as the House of Lords did nearly 40
years later) fearing criminalizing lesbianism would alert women to its possibility. The
story was useful, however, when her statue was made the focus of a demonstration in 1977
promoting lesbian visibility on International Women's Day. |
| 1886: |
Ma
Rainey, openly lesbian Mother of the Blues and writer of Prove It on Me Blues is born |
| June
6, 1886: |
Annie
Hindle and Annie Ryan marry in Grand Rapids, Michigan. The event took place on
the evening of Sunday, June 6, 1886, in Room 19 of the Barnard House, a hotel in Grand
Rapids. It was widely reported that Rev. E. H. Brooks of the 2nd Baptist
officiated but the marriage record, available from the Kent County Clerk's Office, states
Rev. K. B. Tupper (of the 1st Baptist) performed the ceremony. The witnesses
were Gilbert Sarony, who was a female impersonator but who did not appear to have worn a
dress on this occasion, and Loran D. Osborn, a clerk at the Grand Rapids National
Bank. On this occasion, Annie Hindle wore men's clothing and gave her name as
Charles E. Hindle. She gave her age as 31 (she was probably more like 39 or 40)
and Annie Ryan was 22.
Annie Hindle was not a resident of Grand Rapids even though she got married
there. She was an extremely well known male impersonator in American variety,
most probably the first woman to perform in that style in this country. She had
arrived in the US in 1868 and almost immediately married the ballad and comic singer
Charles Vivian. The marriage did not last long (proably less than a month if my
records are right). She was reported as having married W. W. Long, a minstrel
performer, in 1878 but as yet I have found no official record of this
marriage. She divorced neither of her husbands as far as I can tell.
Annie Ryan had acted as Hindle's theatrical dresser for a number of years prior to the
marriage. There is evidence that Hindle had been very close and probably
romantically involved with a number of her prior dressers. No more is known about Ryan at
this moment.
This detailed account has been
provided by Gillian Rodger who has made the study of
Male Impersonators a passion!
|
| 1890's: |
Jiu
Jin, Chinese revolutionary, also calling herself Qinxiong (which means "compete with
men") wears men's clothes, writes feminist poetry and fights restraints against
women. She is tried for treason and beheaded in 1907 by the Manchu government |
| 1896: |
Two
actresses kiss on the American stage. Ushers stand ready with ice water for
those patrons feeling faint |
| 1897: |
Archeological
discovery unearths remnants of Sappho's poetry. The find represents an estimated 1/20 of
her total output |
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| 1901: |
The death of Murray Hall reveals the well liked and greatly
respected New York politician of over thrity years, who had married two women, was in
fact, one Mary Anderson, a woman who "passed" as a man." |
| 1904: |
Renee Vivien (born 1878 as Pauline Tarn in Philadephia)
publishes in Paris "A Woman Appeared to Me" a biographical account of her
tormented relationship with Natalie Clifford Barney. Vivien is best known for her poetry,
written in French, which was widely acclaimed by critics as the epitome of the French
romantic style. Her poetry and prose were all openly lesbian |
| 1908: |
Edward Carpenter publishes THE INTERMEDIATE SEX in England
idealizing friendship, comraderie and homosexuality |
| 1911: |
Holland passes law prohibiting sexual contact between
members of the same sex who were under 21 |
| 1912: |
Heterodoxy, a feminist luncheon club "for unorthodox
women" begins meeting bimonthly. Prominent lesbian members include Helen
Hull, Katharine Anthony, Dr. Sara Josephine Baker, and Elisabeth Irwin |
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| 1920: |
Natalie
Barney's Pensees d'une amazone published |
| 1922: |
The
God of Vengence, a play featuring a lesbian relationship produced in Provincetown |
| 1923: |
Emma
Goldman labeled the "most dangerous woman in America" by the FBI because of her
open support of gay rights and equality |
| 1926: |
The
Captive a Lesbian themed play opens on Broadway sparking such controversy that the
"Padlock" law is enacted prohibiting Broadway plays from depicting "sex
perversion." |
| 1928: |
Radclyffe
Hall's The Well of Lonliness published |
| 1920's
- 1930's: |
The
German magazine Die Freudin (Girlfriend) openly discusses lesbian topics |
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| 1932: |
Swiss
woman Mammina founds Swiss Friendship Bond and publishes monthly magazine of stories, art
and photography |
| 1933: |
The
Hitler regime bans gay press in Germany and raids the Institute for Sexology burning
12,000 books, periodicals and documents |
| 1934: |
On
June 28, the anti-gay holocaust begins with the rounding up and execution of 200
"homosexual pigs who besmirch the honor of the party" (Hitler.)
Throughout the year, Nazis rounded up gays and lesbians from Germany and German occupied
countries and incarcerated them in concentration camps |
| 1936: |
Mona's,
one of the first Lesbian bars in the U.S. opens in San Francisco |
| 1937: |
Bessie
Smith, the (imho) greatest blues diva, who combined songs of the rural south with a
natural theatrical talent, and, who had many women lovers, dies |
| 1937: |
Nazis
begin using Pink Triangles to identify gay men and Black Triangles to identify women of
"socially unacceptable" stance believed now to have included Lesbians |
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| 1941: |
The U.S. enters WWII and the U.S. Surgeon General declares
that homosexual and lesbian relationships in the armed forces should be tolerated as long
as they are kept private |
| 1944: |
Sweden repeals anti-gay laws |
| 1947: |
Lisa Ben (Edythe Eyde's pseudonym for "lesbian")
begins publishing Vice Versa, the first U.S. lesbian magazine |
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| 1952: |
U.S.
Congress enacts law banning Lesbians and Gays from entering the country. (This
law repealed in 1990.) |
| 1953: |
ONE
publishes USA' first openly gay magazine and US Postal Service tries to prevent
delivery. Supreme Court rules in ONE' favor |
| 1953: |
Kinsey
releases his report on women, the follow-up study to the male sexuality study of
1948. His research showed 2% of women exclusively lesbian and 13% had had
lesbian activity |
| 1953: |
One
of Eisenhower's first acts as president of the U.S. is an executive order prohibiting
employment of gays and lesbians in federal jobs. This filtered down to state and local
levels and by the mid 50's over 20% of the workforce faced loyalty-security investigations |
| 1955: |
American
Law Institute publishes Model Penal Code recommending decriminalization of private sexual
acts between consenting adults |
| 1955: |
Daughters
of Bilitis, first lesbian membership organization, forms in San Francisco |
| 1956: |
Daughters
of Bilitis begins publishing The Ladder |
| 1957: |
U.S.
Department of Defense sponsors The Crittenden Report which concludes that security
concerns about homosexuals in the military are exaggerated. The report is
ignored by the Pentagon |
| 1958: |
Daughters
of Bilitis forms New York chapter; Barbara Gittings elected president |
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| 1960: |
Daughters
of Bilitis hold first national Lesbian conference in San Francisco |
| 1961: |
Illinois
is first state in U.S. to decriminalize homosexual acts |
| 1961: |
Czechoslovakia
repeals anti-gay laws |
| 1964: |
Jane
Rule publishes her first lesbian novel Desert of the Heart which becomes an instant
classic and is made into Desert Hearts in 1985 |
| 1967: |
Except
for Military and Law Enforcement members, Britain legalizes homoerotic acts between
consenting adults |
| 1967: |
Mary
Young and Dawn DeBlanc are charged and convicted for "unnatural carnal
copulation" in Orleans Parish, Louisiana. They both served thirty months |
| 1968: |
Metropolitan
Community Church begins in LA |
| 1969: |
The
famed Stonewall Rebellion occurs in June in NYC. Plainclothes police attempt to
"raid" this Greenwich Villiage pub and are met with violent resistance from Gay
patrons and Gays and Lesbians on the street. The riots continued throughout the
weekend and are considered the start of modern Gay and Lesbian Liberation Movement |
| July
9, 1969: |
First
Gay Power meeting held in Greenwich VIllage |
| August,17,
1969: |
Atlanta
police, under the pretense of it being a illicit and predominately homosexual, raid local
art theater's showing of Warhol's Lonesome Cowboys, taking flash-photographs of members of
the audience. One member of the audience, a minister, files a $500,000 suit
against the police! |
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| 1970: |
First legislative hearings on Gay Rights by three members
of the New York Assembly |
| 1970: |
NOW ( Organization for Women) kicks out Rita Mae Brown and
other lesbians |
| 1970: |
Amazon Bookstore, the first American Lesbian-Feminist
bookstore, opens in Minneapolis |
| 1971: |
Lesbian-Feminist Seperatist collective The Furies founded
by dissatisfied ex-members of NOW Joan Biren, Charlotte Bunch, Rita Mae Brown and Helaine
Harris |
| 1971: |
One year after expelling lesbians, NOW acknowledges lesbian
oppression |
| 1972: |
East Lansing, Michigan is first city to ban
sexual-orientation discrimination in city hiring |
| 1972: |
Camille Mitchell, an open lesbian, is first to win custody
of children in disputed divorce case. Judge restricts Mitchell from
co-habitating with lover |
| 1973: |
Supreme
Court rules in the Roe vs. Wade case in favor of a woman's right to first tri-mester
abortion |
| 1973: |
Naiad Press, Lesbian book publishers, started by Barbara
Grier and Donna McBride |
| 1973: |
Two Army WACs, Gail Bates and Valerie Randolph, married by
publicity hound Reverand Ray Broshears in San Francisco. As a result, both
discharged from military |
| 1973: |
Olivia Records founded by Lesbian collective and releases
first single featuring Meg Christian and Cris Williamson |
| 1974: |
The first bill to prohibit discrimination against Gays and
Lesbians, HR-14752, introduced to House of Representatives by Bella Abzug and Ed Koch |
| 1974: |
Kathy Kozachenko is the first openly gay candidate elected.
(To the Ann Arbor, Micigan City Council.) |
| 1974: |
Elaine
Noble becomes first openly gay candidate elected to state (Massachusetts) legislature |
| 1974: |
Homosexuality
removed from list of mental disorders by American Psychiatric Association |
| 1977: |
Reverand
Ellen Barrett is first out Lesbian to be ordained priest (Episcopal.) |
| 1977: |
Jimmy
Carter presidential administration receives first Lesbian and Gay delegation |
| 1977: |
Fundamentalist
Anita Bryant leads campaign to (successfully) repeal Gay Rights law in Dade County,
Florida |
| 1978: |
Gilbert
Baker designs the Rainbow Flag to fly in the San Francisco Gay Freedom Day Parade |
| 1979: |
The
first National March on Washington for Gay and Lesbian Rights draws between 100,000
200,000 marchers. (and Swade was there!) |
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| 1981: |
First reports of Kaposi's Sarcoma affecting 41 Gay men |
| 1981: |
Kinsey releases study reporting neither parental or
societal influences in individual sexual orientation |
| 1981: |
California Governor Jerry Brown appoints first openly gay
judge, Mary Morgan, to San Francisco Municipal Court |
| 1982: |
The Gay Games first held in San Francisco with 1300
participants from twelve countries |
| 1983: |
Coretta Scott King and other black leaders announce support
of gay civil rights |
| 1983: |
Karen Thompson fights parents of her lover, Sharon
Kowalski, who is paralyzed from auto accident, for right to care for her |
| June,
1984: |
Unitarian Church votes to recognize Gay and Lesbian unions. |
| December,
1984: |
Berkeley becomes first city in US to institute Domestic
Partner policy for city employees |
| 1986: |
US Supreme Court upholds the constitutionality of Georgia's
sodomy law in the finding from the 1982 appeal filed by Michael Hardwick |
| 1987: |
Dramatizing the lack of rights for same-sex couples, During
the October 600,000 member March on Washington D.C., approximately 2,000 same-sex couples
marry in a mass wedding on the steps of the IRS building |
| 1988: |
The first country to do so, Sweden legislates protection
for gays and lesbians regarding taxes, inheritances and social services |
| 1988: |
Lambda Delta Lambda, a lesbian UCLA sorority, makes
national news.  Its constitution states goals to promote awareness of women',
minorities' and gay issues |
| January,
1989: |
Two separate studies by US Department of Defense conclude
no reason to ban gays and lesbians from military service |
| May,
1989: |
Denmark first country to legalize gay marriage |
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| 1990: |
Sergeant
Miriam ben-Shalom wins decade-long battle challenging her discharge from US Army on
grounds of lesbianism. Becomes first open lesbian ever
re-enlisted. ( overturned by Supreme Court when military appealed) |
| 1991: |
Lesbian
filmmaker, Debra Chasnoff, receives Academy Award for Best Documentary, Short Subject, for
her film, DEADLY DECEPTION: GENERAL ELECTRIC, NUCLEAR WEAPONS AND OUR ENVIRONMENT, and
makes additional history when she thanks her lesbian life partner from the podium |
| June
11, 1992: |
Margarethe
Cammermeyer, former Colonel of the Washington State National Guard, discharged
dishonorably based solely on her admission that she is a lesbian. |
| 1992: |
Lesbian
Avengers founded in New York |
| 1992: |
Aileen
Wuornos, the first U.S. Lesbian serial killer sentenced to death |
| 1992: |
Poet
and writer Audre Lorde, who's works included The Cancer Journals; A Burst of Light; Zami,
a New Spelling of My Name; The Marvelous Arithmetic of Distance and co-founder of Kitchen
Table Women of Color Press, dies of cancer |
| 1993: |
Lesbian
Norma McCorvey is revealed to be the famed Roe of the landmark 1973 Roe vs. Wade Supreme
Court case |
| 1993: |
NYC
Lesbian Avengers' Valentine Day Action erects paper mache sculpture of Alice B. Toklas
beside the statue of Gertrude Stein in Bryant Park |
| 1993: |
First
Dyke March in Washington, DC |
| 1993: |
The
third National March on Washington for Gay, Lesbian and Bi Equal Rights draws between
750,00 and 1.5 million marchers. The marching contingent was so large that the
route into DC's Mall had to be detoured after only the sixth contingent! (Swade was there,
too!) |
| 1995: |
Cherry
Jones, an "out" lesbian, won the Leading Actress Tony award for her role in
"The Heiress." |
| December,
1995: |
Medford,
Oregon community leaders Roxanne Ellis and Michelle Abdill murdered by Robert Acremant in
botched robbery attempt. Gay community initially fear reprisal for Abdill,
Ellis' efforts to defeat a statewide measure to limit the rights of homosexuals. |
| 1996: |
South
Africa' new constitution became the first in the world to have specific protection of
lesbians and gays included. thanks to Liz for this submission! |
| December
3, 1996 |
In
landmark case, Baehr v. Lewin, Judge Chang rules that state of Hawaii failed to show
compelling state interest necessary to uphold unconstitutional provisions banning same sex
marriage.
thanks to Rayna for this history fact! |
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| April
30, 1997 |
Federal
Appeals Court Strikes Down Alabama Law Barring Gay Student Groups from Campus |
| April
30, 1997 |
Ellen"
becomes the first prime-time television program to have its main character come out as a
lesbian. |
| July
3, 1997 |
Texas
appeals court rules lesbian is entitled to sue for visitation rights to her ex-lover's
child, providing gay partners a legal standing denied in some other states. |
| August
31, 1997 |
Diana
Spencer, ex-Princess of Wales, dies in Paris car crash.
note: Although not lesbian, Diana was an amazing woman and should be included in any
history dealing with women! |
| September
5, 1997 |
Mother
Teresa, the Saint of the Gutters, dies in Calcutta, at age 87.
note: Although not lesbian, Mother Teresa was an amazing woman and should be included in
any history dealing with women! |
| September
5, 1997 |
Walt
Whitman Community School, the nation' first private school for Gays and Lesbians, opens in
Dallas. |
| October
21, 1997 |
Lesbian
grrls" Volleyball coach Wendy Weaver, teacher of 18 years, fired from Spanish Fork,
Utah school after divorcing husband and moving in with lover, files suit against Nebo
School District, principal for firing, gag order. |
| October
22, 1997 |
New
Jersey state court judge grants gay couple right to adopt foster child they had been
caring for for nearly two years. |
| October
23, 1997 |
Federal
appeals court upholds Cincinnati voter initiative forbiding city government extending
anti-discrimination measures to gays and lesbians. |
| October
28, 1997 |
Medford,
Oregon jury sentences Robert Acremant to death for botched-robbery murders of Michelle
Abdill and Roxanne Ellis. |
| November
14, 1997 |
Atlanta,
GA Emory University, affiliated with Methodist church, announces it will allow same-sex
couples to say marriage vows in its chapels, but only if officiated by leader of one of 24
recognized religious groups. |
| December
17, 1997 |
Newark,
NJ court settles class-action suit decides Gay and lesbian couples now able to jointly
adopt children under state custody. |
| December
30, 1997 |
Johnnie
Phelps, Decorated WWII Veteran, Feminist and Gay Rights Activist, widely remembered for
her conversation with Gen. Eisenhower in the filmdocumentary "Before Stonewall",
dies at the Veterans Home in Barstow, CA at the age of 75.
Joining the first WAAC battalion during WWII, she first served in the South Pacific and
later under the occupation forces in Germany under Eisenhower. Wounded in
action, she received the Purple Heart. other milestones: Appeared in
the first gay production to go to Carnegie Hall; 33 years clean and sober in the
"AA" program; Certified Addictions Counselor on Skid Row, Mary Lind Foundation;
Counselor/Board President , Alcoholism Center for Women; Lesbian Rights Task Force Chair,
Los Angeles NOW & California NOW.
thanks to Rachelle for this
entry. |
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| January
12, 1998 |
Lesbian
lawyer Robin Shahar, unlawfully denied job by Georgia attorney general because of her
impending marriage to another woman, loses Supreme Court appeal |
| January 23, 1998 |
lesbian police officer Jolande Langemaat to she seek order
to overturn employers' refusal to register partner medical rights under SA's LesbiGay
anti-discrimination |
| February 6, 1998 |
Washington the 27th state in the United States to ban
same-sex marriages when legislature overrides governor's veto. |
| February 28, 1998 |
Anchorage Superior Court Judge Peter Michalski rules
against Alaska's same-sex marriage ban saying choosing a partner is a fundamental right
that could result in a "nontraditional" choice. |
| March 13, 1998 |
Jimmy Creech, Kearney, Nebraska United Methodist minister
on trial for performing lesbian commitment ceremony acquitted after a jury of ministers
unable to convict on charges actions violated church discipline. |
| March 31, 1998 |
Singer k.d. lang, one of the first nationally known
musicians to come out as lesbian, honored with Special Achievement award by GLAAD -Gay and
Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation |
|
|
top
Bibliography/Alternative
Reading:
- Lavender Lists, Fletcher/Saks, Alyson
Publications, (1990) ISBN 1-55583-182-6
- Gay American History, Katz, Meridian
/ Penguin Books, (1976) ISBN 0-45-01092-6
- The Gay Book of Lists, Rutledge,
Alyson Publications, (1987) ISBN 1-55583-120-6
- Hidden From History, Duberman /
Vicinus / Chauncey, Meridian / Penguin Books, (1989) ISBN 0-452-01067-5
- Alyson Almanac, Alyson Publications
(1989) ISBN 1-55583-019-6
- The Gay Decades, Rutledge, Plume
Books, (1992) ISBN 0-452-26810-9
- The Lesbian Almanac, National Museum
and Archive of Lesbian and Gay History, Berkley Books, (1996) ISBN 0-425-15301-0
- Lesbian Lists, Richards, Alyson
Publications, (1990) ISBN 1-55583-163-X
- The Women's Encyclopedia of Myths and
Secrets, Walker, Harper and Row, (1983) ISBN 0-06-250926-8
- Wild Women: Crusaders, Curmudgeons
and Completely Corsetless Ladies in the Otherwise Virtuous Victorian Era, Stephens,
Autumn, Berkeley, CA: Conari Press, p. 193.
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If you have a substantiated Lesbian
History fact you would like to see added, Click here and tell me about it!
With Thanks to Swade for the majority
of this information
|
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